When IPv4 was being developed in 1978, there was no way for its developers to imagine that it would eventually be globally adopted as the standard used by virtually every internet service provider and host agency. The IPv4 protocol used 8-bit addresses that were capable of producing four billion unique IP addresses for allocation. These early developers from the late 70′s could not foresee such vast growth of the internet; they could not foresee that eventually all four billion addresses would be used up. Only recently has this issue even become a concern. That is why the IPv6 protocol was created;…

Simply said, a protocol is a set of rules governing how things work in a certain technology, so that there is some kind of standardization. IP protocol standardizes the way packets of information are transmitted over the web. Ever computer is assigned an IP address which is a unique address used to locate and identify a device over a network. In cases where two machines are given the same IP address, packets won’t know where to go. This is known as IP conflict. As we near the end of IPv4′s unique set of addresses, computers and servers across the world must be able to identify themselves to keep the flow…